Fentanyl Screen
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Test Utility
This test is used to detect the presence of illicit or prescription medications in urine.
Urine Drug Screen Profile Includes:
Methodology
Immunoassay screen for qualitative detection of fentanyl in urine.
Fentanyl [N-(1-(2-phenylethyl)-4-piperidinyl)-N-phenylpropanamide] is a synthetic opioid narcotic analgesic similar to morphine. Fentanyl is 50-100 times more potent than morphine and is prescribed for patients with chronic pain and is used to manage pain after surgery or for treatment of breakthrough pain in cancer patients. Fentanyl is prescribed in various forms: by injection (intravenous or intramuscular), transdermal patch, and orally (transmucosal lozenge or film).
Fentanyl such as the transdermal system can be abused in a manner like other opioid agonists, legal or illicit. Fentanyl has high potency and short duration of action, and it is abused for its intense euphoric effects. It is very dangerous when substituted illicitly for other opioids because of its potency and overdoses can lead to respiratory depression and death. It is a Schedule II substance under the U.S. Controlled Substances Act. The test is not intended to differentiate between drugs of abuse and prescription use of fentanyl. There are no uniformly recognized drug levels for fentanyl in urine.
The primary metabolism of fentanyl leads to the time-dependent urinary excretion of fentanyl and norfentanyl and the half-life of fentanyl may range 3 - 12 hours. Fentanyl is exclusively metabolized by N-dealkylation and hydroxylation. More than 90% of the dose is eliminated as norfentanyl and hydroxylated metabolites. Less than 7% of the dose is excreted unchanged in the urine. The fentanyl screening assay is based on competition between the drug in the specimen and the drug labeled with recombinant glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (rG6PDH) for antibody binding sites. As the latter binds antibody, enzyme activity decreases.
In the presence of drug from the specimen, enzyme activity increases and is directly related to the drug concentration. Active enzyme converts nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) to NADH in the presence of glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), resulting in an absorbance change that is measured spectrophotometrically. Endogenous G6PDH does not interfere because the coenzyme NAD functions only with the bacterial enzyme used in the assay.
Methodology
Screen Test Name | Assay Type |
---|---|
ETG
| DRI |
Amphetamine
| DRI |
Barbiturates
| DRI |
Benzodiazepine
| DRI |
Cotinine
| DRI
|
Cocaine
| DRI |
Methadone
| DRI |
Opiate
| DRI |
Oxycodone
| DRI |
THC
| DRI |
Fentanyl
| DRI |
Buprenorphine | CEDIA
|
PCP
| DRI |
Individual Test Information Including Methodology & Reference Ranges
Reflex to UTI Criteria
Specimen Collection and Preparation
At least 1 mL of urine should be collected in a urine specimen container.
Specimen Storage and Stability
Urine specimen should be stored under refrigerated conditions (2–8°C) until analysis. Samples will also be stored under refrigerated conditions on site for 2 weeks post analysis.
Specimen Rejection
Insufficient sample volume
Specimen labeled incorrectly or not labeled
Specimen validity tests indicate adulterated test
Reference Range (Cutoff)
Test results above the assay cutoff are reported as Positive.
Test results under the cutoff are reported as Negative.
If reflex from positive screen is ordered, the following confirmation analytes will be tested via LC/MS/MS:
Fentanyl
Norfentanyl
Carfentanil
Alfentanil
*Reference ranges provided for informational purposes only. See patient report for test interpretation.
Screen Test Name | Screen Test Name Cutoff (ng/mL) |
---|---|
Cocaine | 300 |
Screen Test Name | Screen Test Name Cutoff (ng/mL) |
---|---|
Benzodiazepine | 200 |
Screen Test Name | Cutoff (ng/mL) |
---|---|
Buprenorphine | 5 |
Screen Test Name | Screen Test Name Cutoff (ng/mL) |
---|---|
Amphetamine | 500 |
Screen Test Name | Screen Test Name Cutoff (ng/mL) |
---|---|
Barbiturates | 200 |
Screen Test Name | Screen Test Name Cutoff (ng/mL) |
---|---|
ETG | 500 |
Screen Test Name | Screen Test Name Cutoff (ng/mL) |
---|---|
ETG | 500 |
Screen Test Name | Screen Test Name Cutoff (ng/mL) |
---|---|
EDDP | 100 |
Fentanyl
Screen Test Name | Screen Test Name Cutoff (ng/mL) |
---|---|
Fentanyl | 1 |
Screen Test Name | Screen Test Name Cutoff (ng/mL) |
---|---|
Methadone | 300 |
Screen Test Name | Screen Test Name Cutoff (ng/mL) |
---|---|
PCP | 25 |
Screen Test Name | Screen Test Name Cutoff (ng/mL) |
---|---|
Opiate | 300 |
Screen Test Name | Screen Test Name Cutoff (ng/mL) |
---|---|
Oxycodone | 300 |
Screen Test Name | Cutoff (ng/mL) |
---|---|
Methamphetamine | 500 |
Screen Test Name | Cutoff (ng/mL) |
---|---|
THC | 50 |
Screen Test Name | Cutoff (ng/mL) |
---|---|
ETG | 500 |
Amphetamine | 500 |
Barbiturates | 200 |
Benzodiazepine | 200 |
Cotinine | 500 |
Cocaine | 300 |
Methadone | 300 |
Opiate | 300 |
Oxycodone | 300 |
THC | 50 |
Fentanyl | 1 |
Buprenorphine | 5 |
PCP | 25 |
Reference Range
Parameter | Reference Range |
---|---|
Glucose | Negative |
Bilirubin | Negative |
Ketones | Negative |
Specific Gravity | 1.005 - 1.030 |
Blood | Negative |
pH | 5.0 - 8.0 |
Protein | Negative |
Urobilinogen | 0.0 - 1.0 mg/dL |
Nitrate | Negative |
Leukocyte Esterase | Negative |
Microscopic Evaluation | |
WBC | Negative |
RBC | Negative |
Hylaine Casts | Negative |
All other Parameters | Negative |
Parameter | Reference Range |
---|---|
Microscopic Evaluation | |
WBC | Negative |
RBC | Negative |
Hylaine Casts | Negative |
All other Parameters | Negative |
Parameter | Reference Range |
---|---|
Glucose | Negative |
Bilirubin | Negative |
Ketones | Negative |
Specific Gravity | 1.005 - 1.030 |
Blood | Negative |
pH | 5.0 - 8.0 |
Protein | Negative |
Urobilinogen | 0.0 - 1.0 mg/dL |
Nitrate | Negative |
Leukocyte Esterase | Negative |
CBC | Adult Male | Adult Female | Adult Female 10^3/uL | Adult Female % |
---|---|---|---|---|
WBC
| 3.5-10.5 10³/uL | 3.5-10.5 10³/uL | ||
RBC
| 4.32-5.72 10⁶/uL | 3.9-5.03 10⁶/uL | ||
HGB | 13.5-17.5 g/dL | 12.0-15.5 g/dL | ||
HCT | 38.8-50.0% | 34.9-44.5% | ||
MCV | 81.2-95.1 fL | 81.6-98.3fL | ||
MCH | 27-35 pg | 27-35 pg | ||
MCHC | 31-36 g/dL
| 31-36 g/dL
| ||
RDW | 11.8-15.6% | 11.9-15.5%
| ||
PLT | 150-450 10³/uL | 150-450 10³/uL
| ||
Differential | Adult Male 10³/uL | Adult Male %
| ||
Neutrophils | 1.7-7.0 | 55-70
| 1.7-7.0
| 55-70 |
Lymphocytes | 0.9-2.9 | 20-40
| 0.9-2.9
| 20-40 |
Monocytes | 0.3-0.9 | 2-8
| 0.3-0.9
| 2-8 |
Eosinophils | 0.0-0.5 | 1-4
| 0.0-0.5
| 1-4 |
Basophils | 0.0-0.3 | 0.5-1
| 0-0.3
| 0.5-1 |
Immature Granulocytes | 0-0.5 | <1.0
| 0-0.5 | <1.0 |
CBC | Adult Male | Adult Female |
---|---|---|
WBC | 3.5-10.5 10³/uL | 3.5-10.5 10³/uL |
RBC | 4.32-5.72 10⁶/uL | 3.9-5.03 10⁶/uL |
HGB | 13.5-17.5 g/dL | 12.0-15.5 g/dL |
HCT | 38.8-50.0 % | 34.9-44.5% |
MCV | 81.2-95.1 fL | 81.6-98.3 fL |
MCH | 27-35 pg | 27-35 pg |
MCHC | 31-36 g/dL | 31-36 g/dL |
RDW | 11.8-15.6 % | 11.9-15.5% |
PLT | 150-450 10³/uL | 150-450 10³/uL |
Test | Adult Male | Adult Female |
---|---|---|
ESR | 0-10 mm/hr | 0-20 mm/hr |
CBC | Adult Male | Adult Female |
---|---|---|
HGB | 13.5-17.5 g/dL | 12.0-15.5 g/dL |
HCT | 38.8-50.0% | 34.9-44.5% |
Test | Adult Male | Adult Female |
---|---|---|
Reticulocyte Count | 0.0216 – 0.0858 10^6/uL | 0.0195 – 0.0755 10^6/uL |
Testing Description
State Reportable Infection
Pediatric Range
Test Code
P-VHLG-860
Performed
Monday – Saturday
Result available within 24-48 hours of receipt in laboratory
NOTE: Specimens are refrigerated (2-8°) for 14 days before disposal
Contacts
Vibra Health Laboratory
1307- A, Allen Dr
Troy, MI 48083
(248) 846-0663
Last Updated
7/20/23 v.1